What are the Working Principles of Machines?

Balancing machines are sophisticated systems that operate by detecting vibrations caused by mass imbalance in a rotating part. Their basic operating principle is based on measuring the centrifugal force generated when a part rotates around its axis of rotation. If the part is unbalanced, this force creates vibrations on the bearings. The machine's sensitive sensors (transducers) detect these vibrations and send them to the control unit as an electrical signal. These signals are synchronized with the part's rotation speed and angle, and the exact amount of imbalance (in terms of weight) and its angular position are calculated.

This obtained data provides guidance for correcting the part's imbalance. Based on the information displayed on the screen, the operator applies one of the following methods: adding weight (e.g., by welding or bolting) or removing weight (e.g., by drilling or milling) to the area directly opposite the imbalance. After this process, the part is rotated again to check the remaining imbalance. This cycle continues until the vibrations fall within an acceptable tolerance level. The advanced software we use at MBS Balance automates this process, making it both faster and more precise.

Dividing balancing machines into two fundamental classes according to their measurement principle clarifies their working logic. Hard (rigid) bearing machines measure the force acting on the bearing; their operating region is below the suspension resonance, and thanks to the permanent calibration established by entering the part dimensions, they require no trial weight. Soft-bearing machines, on the other hand, operate above resonance, measure the displacement proportional to the unbalance, and are calibrated with a trial weight for each rotor.

In both types, the measured raw signal is synchronously filtered with the tachometer reference and decomposed into static and couple components to produce the amount and angle per plane; the result is compared against the ISO 21940-11 tolerance to make an accept/reject decision. In terms of safety, protective guards and overspeed and unbalance interlocks are critical. MBS Balance machines combine these principles with high-resolution sensors and iBalancer software to provide repeatable and safe balancing.